B.Sc. – Medical Imaging Technology

Anatomical understanding: cells, tissues, muscles, skeleton, organs, and their structure and function in normal human body.

Non-Metallic Sheathed Cable – Un grounded & Grounded Power Supply Cable, Metallic Sheathed Cable, Multi-Conductor Cable, Coaxial Cable, Unshielded Twisted Pair Cable, Shielded twisted pair cable, Ribbon Cable, Armoured & Unarmoured Cable, Twin-Lead Cable, Twin axial Cable, Optical fiber cable, Connectors,

X-ray Tubes – Stationary & Rotation Anode, X-ray Consolestation (Demo of KV, MA and exposure time settings), Procedures to reduce Scattered Radiation, Focus Principle, Grids, Screen, Image intensifiers, Use of contrast materials.

Patient transfer technique – Turning the patient, Restraint techniques – Trauma, Pediatric, Geriatric, physically handicapped, disturbed patients, an aesthetized patient, moving chair & stretcher patients, Tubes & catheters, Nasogastric, chest, Urinary, intravenous, oxygen & other (Castsurgical & cardiac) Alcoholic, bed pans & urinals, Assessment.

Basic Computed Tomography: Basic principles of CT, generations of CT, CT instrumentation, image formation in CT, CT image reconstruction, Hounsfield unit, CT image quality, CT image display, X-ray tube:

Construction working and limitations, generations, methods of cooling the anode, anode rating chart, speed of anode rotation, angle of anode inclination, Focus, anode heel effect, Effect of variation of anode voltage and filament temperature, inherent filter and added filter, bow tie filter, effect on quality of the
spectrum, Collimator designs: Pencil beam, Fan beam, Cone beam CT, Z-axis collimation, detector design – construction and working – Gas filled detectors – solid state detectors – flat panel detectors, Principles of tomography: advantages and limitations – generations – spiral CT –slip ring technology – Multislice CT – dual source CT – pitch – rotation time, Basic principles of Image Reconstruction: Back projection, analytical an iterative methods – MPR – MIP – volume rendering – surface shaded display (SSD) – bone reconstruction, CT artefacts: motion artefacts, streak artefacts, ring artefacts, partial volume artefacts etc. causes and remedy, Dose and Dosimetry: CT Dose Index (CTDI, etc.), Multiple Scan Average Dose (MSAD), Dose Length Product (DLP), Dose Profile, Effective Dose, Phantom Measurement Methods, Dose for Different Application Protocols, Technique Optimization.

Basic Acoustics, Ultrasound terminologies: acoustic pressure, power, intensity,
impedance, speed, frequency, dB notation: relative acoustic pressure and relative
acoustic intensity.

• Interaction of US with matter: reflection, transmission, scattering, refraction and absorption, attenuation and attenuation coefficients, US machine controls, US focusing.
• Production of ultrasound: Piezoelectricity, Medical ultrasound transducer:
  Principle, construction and working, characteristics of US beam.
• Ultrasound display modes: A, B, M

Basic concepts of Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): Atomic structure, Hydrogen as imaging medium, magnetism, precession, resonance, Electromagnetic radiation, NMR – basic concepts of MRI, Faraday’s cage, Basic MR Image formation: RF Excitation, Relaxation (T1 and T2), Computation and display, Free induction decay, RF wave form designs.

Introduction to MR coils: Volume coils, Gradient coils, Slice selection, phase encoding, frequency encoding, Artifacts: Cause of artifacts, Image quality, image contrast, signal to noise ratio, resolution, artefacts, MR contrast agents, Advanced MR techniques, flow effects, MR angiography echo planner imaging, magnetization transfer, fat suppression, MR spectroscopy, functional imaging, Magnetic resonance hazards and safety, Recent development, MRI Scanners: Methods of MRI imaging methods, Head and Neck ,Thorax, Abdomen, Musculoskeletal System imaging, Clinical indications and contraindications, types of common sequences effects of sequence on imaging, Protocols for various studies, slice section, patient preparation; positioning of the patient; patient care-calibration -paramagnetic agents and dose, additional techniques and recent advances in MRI; image acquisition-modification of procedures in an unconscious or un co-operative patient, plain studies, contrast studies, special procedures, reconstructions, 3D images, MRS blood flow imaging, diffusion/perfusion scans, strength and limitations of MRI, role of radiographer, MR safety: instrumentation and biological effects