• Physical Pharmaceutics
  It focuses on the physicochemical properties of drugs and dosage forms, influencing their stability, bioavailability, and delivery. It applies principles from physics and chemistry to understand and optimize drug formulation and delivery systems, from drug solubility to drug release mechanisms. Essentially, it deals with the physical and chemical aspects of drug formulations, ensuring the drug’s effectiveness and stability.
• Pharmaceutical Engineering
  It is an interdisciplinary field that applies engineering principles to the design, development, and manufacturing of pharmaceutical products. It involves a blend of chemical, biomedical, and industrial engineering, with a strong focus on quality control and compliance with strict regulations like Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP). Pharmaceutical engineers work on various aspects of the drug lifecycle, from formulation and manufacturing to quality control and analytical processes.
• Industrial Pharmacy
  It encompasses the aspects of pharmacy involved in the pharmaceutical industry, including manufacturing, quality control, research, and development of drug products. It focuses on the development, production, and marketing of pharmaceutical goods, encompassing various stages from formulation to final product.
• Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics
  Biopharmaceutics examines the interrelationship of the physical/chemical properties of the drug, the dosage form (drug product) in which the drug is given, and the route of administration on the rate and extent of systemic drug absorption. The importance of the drug substance and the drug formulation on absorption, and in vivo distribution of the drug to the site of action, is described as a sequence of events that precede elicitation of a drug’s therapeutic effect.
  Pharmacokinetics is the quantitative analysis of the processes of drug absorption, distribution, and elimination that determine the time course of drug action in response to an administered drug dose. Pharmacodynamics deals with the mechanism of drug action.
• Novel Drug Delivery Systems
  It refers to the approaches, formulations, technologies, and systems for transporting a pharmaceutical compound in the body as needed to safely achieve its desired therapeutic effects.
• Cosmetic Science
  It is the scientific study of cosmetics, including their preparation, function, interaction with skin, and related aspects like safety and manufacturing. It involves understanding the effects of raw materials and mixtures on the skin, hair, lips, and nails, and is a field focused on advancing knowledge and practice in the cosmetics industry.
• Pharmaceutical Product Development
  It is the comprehensive process of transforming a concept into a marketable drug or medical device. It involves multiple stages, from initial research and pre-clinical studies to clinical trials, regulatory approvals, manufacturing, and commercialization. This process requires collaboration between scientists, researchers, clinicians, and regulatory agencies to ensure the product’s safety, efficacy, and quality.

• Pharmaceutical Analysis
  A field of analytical chemistry focused on identifying, quantifying, and determining the quality, purity, and safety of pharmaceutical products, including drugs, excipients, and biological samples. It plays a crucial role in ensuring that medications meet regulatory standards and are safe and effective for patients. This includes Analytical Techniques used in pharmaceutical analysis, including chromatography, spectroscopy, titration, and many others. Impurity Analysis involves identifying and quantifying impurities in drug products to ensure they are within acceptable limits. Assay Methods are developed and validated to determine the concentration of the active ingredient in a drug product, ensuring it’s present in the correct amount.
• Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry
  It is a specialized field of organic chemistry that focuses on the study, synthesis, and application of organic compounds in the development of pharmaceuticals. It combines the principles of organic chemistry with the knowledge of pharmaceuticals, impacting drug discovery, synthesis, and formulation. This interdisciplinary field is crucial for the development of new and improved medicines.
• Medicinal Chemistry
  It is a field of chemistry focused on the development of new drugs and the improvement of existing ones. It combines chemistry, biology, and pharmacology to design and synthesize molecules with therapeutic properties. Medicinal chemists work to understand and manipulate the chemical structure of molecules to achieve specific biological effects, ultimately leading to the development of new medications.

• Pathophysiology
  It is the study of disordered physiological processes, essentially how diseases and injuries affect the normal functioning of the body. It’s a branch of study that bridges pathology (the study of structural and functional changes caused by disease) and physiology (the study of normal body functions). Pathophysiology explains how diseases and injuries disrupt normal bodily processes, from molecular and cellular levels to systemic changes.
• Pharmacology
  It is the scientific study of the effects of drugs and chemicals on living organisms, particularly in the context of their medicinal use. It encompasses the understanding of how drugs are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated (pharmacokinetics), as well as how they interact with biological systems to produce their effects (pharmacodynamics).
• Social And Preventive Pharmacy
  Social Pharmacy is a multidisciplinary field that examines the societal role, provision, regulation, and use of medicines. It focuses on how drugs and healthcare services impact the health of entire populations rather than just individual patients. It considers social, psycho-social, economic, and organizational factors influencing medication use to promote its safe and rational use in society.
  Preventive Pharmacy focuses on using pharmaceutical care to promote public health and well-being by preventing diseases and injuries before they occur. It involves a proactive approach to health, aiming to improve overall health status and quality of life. This field encompasses a range of activities, including immunization, disease prevention, health education, and promotion of healthy behaviors.
• Pharmacovigilance
  It is the science and practice of monitoring the safety of medicines and taking action to reduce risks and enhance benefits. It’s a critical public health function that helps ensure medicines are used safely and effectively. The key aspects of pharmacovigilance include detection, assessment, and understanding of adverse effects, prevention of adverse effects, rational use of medicines, risk minimization, public health protection, and communication with stakeholders.

• Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry
  These are related fields that focus on natural drugs and their chemical constituents, particularly from plants. Pharmacognosy broadly studies the physical, chemical, biochemical, and biological properties of natural drugs and their sources, including plants, animals, and other organisms, while phytochemistry specifically studies the chemical components and their chemical pathways in plants.In general, Pharmacognosy is the study of drugs and drug substances of natural origin, including their physical, chemical, biochemical, and biological properties. Its scope encompasses the identification, classification, and evaluation of drugs from various natural sources, including plants, animals, and microbes.Whereas phytochemistry is the study of the chemical constituents of plants, their structures, and their biosynthesis. Its scope focuses on identifying and characterizing phytochemicals, which are natural plant-derived chemicals, and understanding their roles in plant biology and human health.
• Herbal Drug Technology
  It is the process of transforming botanical materials into medicines and other therapeutic products. It involves extracting and processing herbs, often using modern techniques, to create products with therapeutic benefits. This technology also emphasizes quality control and standardization to ensure the safety and efficacy of herbal medicines.
• Dietary Supplements and Nutraceuticals
  Both aim to improve health, but nutraceuticals generally go beyond basic nutrient supplementation, offering potential benefits beyond just providing essential nutrients. Nutraceuticals can be whole foods or isolated nutrients with therapeutic properties, while dietary supplements often contain concentrated forms of vitamins, minerals, or other nutrients.

• Pharmaceutical Jurisprudence
  It is the study of laws and regulations related to the pharmaceutical industry, specifically concerning the development, manufacture, distribution, and sale of drugs and cosmetics. It encompasses various Indian pharmaceutical acts, legislations, and regulatory authorities, ensuring the safety and quality of pharmaceutical products. The field also covers ethical considerations and the code of conduct within the pharmaceutical profession.
• Pharmaceutical Microbiology
  It is a specialized field that focuses on the study of microorganisms in relation to the pharmaceutical industry. It’s crucial for ensuring the safety, efficacy, and quality of pharmaceuticals by controlling contamination and using microorganisms in production. This includes testing for sterility, endotoxins, and other microbial contaminants, as well as developing and monitoring processes to minimize contamination.
• Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
  It utilizes biotechnology principles to develop and manufacture drugs, often focusing on protein-based products like antibodies and recombinant DNA products. It aims to create drugs tailored to individual genetics for maximum therapeutic effect. This field plays a key role in drug discovery, development, and production, with a focus on biopharmaceuticals.
• Biostatistics and Research Methodology
  Biostatistics is a branch of statistics focused on applying statistical methods to biological and health-related research. It involves designing studies, collecting and analyzing data, and interpreting results to improve health outcomes and understanding of living organisms. Biostatisticians work in various fields, including medicine, public health, and research, utilizing statistical techniques to address complex questions.Research methodology refers to the systematic and organized approach used to conduct research, encompassing the techniques and procedures employed to investigate a specific topic. It outlines how researchers plan to collect, analyze, and interpret data, ensuring the validity and reliability of their findings. Essentially, it’s the “how” of research, providing a roadmap for the entire research process.

• Project Work
  All the students shall undertake a project under the supervision of a teacher and submit a report. The area of the project shall directly relate to any one of the elective subjects opted by the student in Semester VIII. The project shall be carried out in a group not exceeding 5 in number. The project report shall be submitted in triplicate (typed & bound copy not less than 25 pages).The internal and external examiner appointed by the University shall evaluate the project at the time of the Practical examinations of other semester(s). Students shall be evaluated in groups for four hours (i.e., about half an hour for a group of five students). The projects shall be evaluated as per the criteria given below.

Evaluation of Dissertation Book:

• Objective(s) of the work done – 15 Marks
• Methodology adopted – 20 Marks
• Results and Discussions – 20 Marks
• Conclusions and Outcomes – 20 Marks
• Total – 75 Marks

Evaluation of Presentation:

• Presentation of work – 25 Marks
• Communication skills – 20 Marks
• Question and answer skills – 30 Marks
• Total – 75 Marks

• Explanation:
  The 75 marks assigned to the dissertation book shall be the same for all the students in a group. However, the 75 marks assigned for presentation shall be awarded based on the performance of individual students in the given criteria.

• Industrial Training (Desirable)
  Every candidate shall be required to work for at least 150 hours spread over four weeks in a Pharmaceutical Industry/Hospital. It includes:
  • Production unit
  • Quality Control department
  • Quality Assurance department
  • Analytical laboratory
  • Chemical manufacturing unit
  • Pharmaceutical R&D
  • Hospital (Clinical Pharmacy)
  • Clinical Research Organization
  • Community Pharmacy

This training must be done after Semester VI and before the commencement of Semester VII. Students must submit a satisfactory report and certificate duly signed by the authority of the training organization to the head of the institute.

• Practice School
  In the VII semester, every candidate shall undergo practice school for a period of 150 hours evenly distributed throughout the semester. The student shall opt for any one of the domains for practice school as declared by the program committee from time to time.

At the end of the practice school, every student shall submit a printed report (in triplicate) on the practice school attended (not more than 25 pages). Along with the exams of Semester VII, the report, knowledge, and skills acquired through practice school shall be evaluated by subject experts at the college level, and a grade point shall be awarded.